How we can watch programs broadcast by a channel thousands of kilometers away from where we sit at home how we can know in advance how the weather is going to be in the next two or three days how a small chip in a mobile phone allows us to navigate to any part of the world All of this is due to satellites actually satellites are far away from us we can not see them but many of the things we do in the modern world are done through satellites. At present their use is so much that every two or three weeks a satellite is sent into space from some corner of the world. What are these satellites how are they made how are they able to stay in space without any support today let us know what are satellites as per our syllabus which has not changed for the last 50 years the satellites are those which rotate by themselves in a certain orbit around a planet one is naturally formed like moon for example second is artificially made by us our own These artificial satellites vary in size depending on their purpose and can range from the size of a small tennis court to the size of a large room.
Each country is using different technology to make satellites they are made in very clean condition the people involved in their making are sent to the making room only after they are cleaned in three layers this cleaning process is so secure that even the empty soil cannot enter the room by mistake because even a small school is a part of their making. If it is left out of these it can travel very fast in space and damage the entire satellite. It is for this reason that the workshops that make the satellite are sealed very protectively so much so that even the latest ICU is useless before the protection. It is divided into parts one is the communication module the second is the mechanical module which is on the upper part of the satellite the communication modules collect the information and send the collected information back down its work is the mechanical part below the satellite. This is useful for de orbiting after service or to change the satellite orbit in an emergency. Satellites in space for several years use nitrogen and monomethyl hydrogen as fuel. These two very dangerous substances are tested before filling the satellite tanks.
Bar pressure is applied and the tanks have to withstand this pressure without bursting This is very important in satellite which is made with small micro electronic circuits called hybrids in which the wiring used is made of gold that is gold acts as a good conductor of electricity and heat conductors are tested by several processes at different times because no one will be in space to fix any small problem in the circuit due to which there is a possibility of failure of the satellite experiment with crores of rupees so keeping this in mind the vibration test is done. The satellite has to endure during the rocket launching. After this is done it is used in the satellites only after the scientists examine them again in three ways. The weather conditions in space are very different the satellite can withstand all these and work for a few years every part of the satellite is coated with aluminum and captain material. Another important part of the solar panels is that the required energy for the satellite is obtained through these so the energy obtained from the solar panels is stored in the battery at the bottom of the satellite.
In addition to this the satellite includes over full antennas and transmitters to receive the signal and based on the use of the satellite, the required equipment is installed, for example scanners are made for imaging satellites and practice is carried out for the satellites that are made in this way because the rocket is subjected to many jerks and shakes during launching at such a time this test is conducted before to know whether it is working perfectly or not after this the satellite is conducted microwave test from a room. Through this test the faults in the satellite are corrected before knowing the answer to how satellites can stay in space without any support you need to know one thing actually whether you are standing or sitting, you are unconsciously carrying ten tons of weight. The air on earth has a pressure of 14.7 pouches per square inch and this weight falls on us from all angles but the cells in our body repel the air that falls on us with the same force as our body parts this is why we are able to carry a weight of 10 tons and not fall. In a simple way, any object in space should be moving continuously in a certain orbit
And with a certain speed and a certain velocity. Assume that when the stone is thrown at that speed the stone moves forward against the gravitational force of the earth when the speed decreases a small stone will fall down similarly satellites also rotate at a certain speed to withstand the gravitational force of the earth and not fall down. The first is the Lower Orbital satellites which are between 100 km to 2000 km from the earth and orbit the earth at high speed. These have the capacity to scan the earth several hundred times in a day we use them for imaging and scanning for example this 2017 712 kg satellite is 500 km above the earth.It has served the army in many operations to defeat terrorists medium Earth Orbital Satellites these satellites are between 2000 km to 3590 km above the earth and they revolve around the earth at a speed of 7,000 km per hour with a fixed point
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